Energy Conversation States

TMA03 Covering Block 3 Question 1 (a)An impactor mass of 45 kg is utilized to speak to the heaviness of youngster sensibly respected to be engaged with a mishap with glass or plastics. (b)The BS gauges gives the makers an away from of measures that their items need to accomplish to be protected and fit for the reason that they have been intended for. It likewise gives the buyer the desire that the thing has arrived at the gauges set somewhere near the BSI and will be a safe for the normal existence of the thing. (c) (i)The vitality on sway is determined by utilizing the accompanying equations:Potential Energy (PE) = mass x gravity x stature This gives the potential vitality at the tallness when the ball is held toward the beginning of the test. This can be utilized as a check to for the Kinetic vitality (KE) condition as the law of vitality discussion expresses that vitality may nor be made nor pulverized. In this manner the entirety of the considerable number of energies in the fram ework is a steady. So the PE when the ball is held at stature will be equivalent to the KE not long before the contact with the glass. To ascertain the KE utilize the condition KE = ? mv2 (ii) Using the KE condition from question (i)KE = ? mv2 |u = beginning speed | |v = last speed | |a = quickening | |s = separation | Insert the constants of Mass = 45kg To ascertain the v2 utilizing the condition v2 = u2 + 2 x a x s For test 1 KE = ? mv2 For the v2 = 02 + 2 x 9. 8 x 305 Gives 5978 Insert in to KE = ? mv2 to give KE = ? x 45 x 5978 To give 134505 = 135J to 3 sf To check use PE = mgh 45 x 9. 8 x 305 = 134505 Round up to 3 sf to give 135 J So PE =KE 135J is as given in BS 6206:1981. For test 2KE = ? mv2 For the v2 = 02 + 2 x 9. 8 x 457 Gives 8957. 2 Insert in to KE = ? mv2 to give KE = ? x 45 x 8957. 2 To give 201537 = 202J to 3 sf To check use PE = mgh 45 x 9. 8 x 457 = 201537 Round up to 3 sf to give 202 J So PE =KE 202J is as given in BS 6206:1981. For Test 3 KE = ? mv2 For the v2 = 02 + 2 x 9. 8 x 1219 Gives 23892. 4 Insert in to KE = ? mv2 to give KE = ? x 45 x 23892. 4 To give 537579 = 538J to 3 sf To check use PE = mgh 45 x 9. 8 x 1219 = 537579 Round up to 3 sf to give 538 J So PE =KE 538J is as given in BS 6206:1981 iii) The speed that the impactor strikes the glass when it is dropped from a tallness of 1219 mm is determined as above utilizing: v2 = u2 + 2 x a x s v2 = 02 + 2 x 9. 8 x 1219 = 23892. 4 v = (23892. 4= 154. 6 m s-1 Question 2 (a)There are 3 primary highlights of a development to make it patentable. It must have something new about it; this could be an enhancement for a current thing. Likewise it must have a reason (helpful) and have the option to be fabricated however this isn't as significant with today’s innovations as a product program can be protected. b) (I) The benefits of utilizing an empty shape for lintels are that a strong lintel is both substantial and awkward when it is in travel and when being moved into position at the a ssemble site. The additional load of the lintel will likewise require the supporting divider to be at a necessary solidarity to help the lintel and the heap above it. They can be viewed as that they can be over intended for the activity that they are proposed for. It is conceivable to expel material from a shaft without trading off its quality, as the material expelled will be from zones that the pressure is insignificantly little is anything but a huge volume.The solidness of the pillar will rely on the properties of the material utilized in its development and the segment geometry of the plan of the bar. (ii) In the Dorman Long patent the recommended material of development plate/sheet steel. The utilization of plate/sheet steel is supported because of its solidness contrasted with its weight and that it tends to be effectively collapsed or overflowed with the development of the lintel. (c) (I) Refer back to guarantee 1 of the Catnic patent as talked about in Block 3 Part 2.List t he ‘essential integers’ of the Catnic lintel, and recognize which segment part is missing from the Dorman Long patent. a first level plate or part adjusted to help a course or majority of superimposed units framing some portion of the inward skin and a subsequent flat plate or part significantly corresponding to the first and divided there from a descending vertical way and adjusted to traverse the cavity in the hole divider and be upheld at any rate at each end thereof upon courses shaping pieces of the external and internal skins separately of the pit divider contiguous an a perture, and first inflexible slanted help part expanding downwardly and forwardly from or close to the front edge nearby the hole of the principal even plate or part and shaping with the subsequent plate or part at a middle position which lies between the front and back edge of the subsequent plate or part and adjusted to reach out over the cavity, and a second unbending help part broadening vert ically from or from close to the back edge of the primary even plate or part to get together with the subsequent plate or part adjoining its back edge. ii) The supporting part between the two Suggest what impact the additional part is probably going to have on the presentation of the Catnic lintel contrasted with the Dorman Long lintel. (6 + 2 = 8 imprints) Question 3 an) Although in an ideal situation there would be no hazard to any people or property and to evacuate any hazard would mean halting the procedures that offer ascent to chance. Anyway that isn't the situation so there will consistently hazard engaged with everything that we convey out.I have broadly put together this answer with respect to the atomic force industry where the dangers included are both adequate and less worthy. |Risk increasingly worthy | |No choices accessible |This could be classed as the utilization of a radio dynamic fuel in an atomic force | |station.The danger of its utilization would be classed as satisfactory as there is not| | |a appropriate option as a fuel. | |Risk known with sureness |The utilization of a radio dynamic fuel and its dangers are known with conviction and | |should be figured in to the plan and the executives of the office. | |Risk less satisfactory | |Effect postponed |Prolonged introduction to a radio dynamic component will have a deferred impact | dependant upon the length and greatness of the presentation. So if these | |exposures are not observed and controlled the hazard would be less | |acceptable. | |Consequences irreversible |Again as the harm done from high, drawn out introduction to a radio dynamic | |element to the human body can be irreversible.Also a spillage or | |accidental discharge to the earth could prompt the zone being of no use| | |to the nearby populace for a significant time. | b) The rule of ALARP where enhancements to the frameworks or procedure to lessen the dangers are demonstrated to be more prominent than the expenses in the cr eation contrasted with the advantages picked up. The additional expenses might be adjusted against the hazard decrease, for instance, diminishing the danger of introduction to nature and mankind from unsafe synthetic compounds or ionizing radiation.The ALARP evaluation in figure 3 shows that the adequate hazard for electrical control frameworks has been broken in to 3 characterized hurt classifications. The modified triangles show that as the recurrence of those harmed rises then the hazard turns out to be less middle of the road. The zone concealed â€Å"broadly acceptable† shows that the procedures did don't represent a hazard to those included, chance is irrelevant and it will be important to keep up checks and security prospects to keep the wounds at this level.In the zone stamped â€Å"tolerable if ALARP† shows the zone that the danger of injury to those engaged with the procedure ahs expanded, on the off chance that the hazard was under taken, at that point there could be an advantage. This can be broken into 2 further subsections, if the recurrence is low the it tends to be passable if the expense of the hazard decrease surpasses the improvement, as the recurrence expands then it would possibly be decent if the hazard decrease is illogical or the cost lopsided to the increases in improvement.The region concealed â€Å"intolerable† is where the recurrence is busy most elevated and accordingly the hazard can't be defended except if in exceptionable conditions, for instance chipping away at a live high voltage electrical framework. Question 4 Table 4. 4 in Block 3 Part 4 shows the different stages in vitality transformation for fuel used to control a PC. It shows a speculative monetary record for vitality transformation from concoction vitality (in a fuel) to light vitality (light transmitted by a PC show). a) The law of vitality discussion expresses that vitality may nor be made nor wrecked however changed into various types of vitali ty I. . to warmth, light, or commotion vitality. Hence the total of the considerable number of energies in the framework is a consistent. Clarify quickly the rule of the protection of vitality, and how it applies at each phase in the vitality transformation process. (2 imprints) (b) Calculate the level of the all out accessible vitality that is changed over to: (a) heat (b) commotion (c) electrical vitality. For each situation, show your working completely. (4 + 4 + 4 = 12 imprints) †¢ break into three parts†¦ vitality required for ice to arrive at a temp of 0 q1 = mcT q1 = 11. 75 g(2. 09 J/g ·Ã‚ °C)(- 5. 00 °C-0 °C) q1 = - 122. 8J second part nergy required for change of states from strong to fluid q2 = n*? Hfus n = 11. 75g/18. 02g/mol n = 0. 65mol q2 = 0. 65mol * 6. 02 kJ/mol q2 = 4. 0kJ cautious units!!!! q2 = 4000J third part.. vitality required for fluid water from 0 to 0. 500 °C†¦ q3 = mcT q3 = 11. 75 g(4. 21 J/g ·Ã‚ °C)(0. 500 †0) q3 = 24. 7J ENE RGY IN TOTAL†¦ E = q1 + q2 + q3 E = - 122. 8J + 4000J + 24. 7J E = 3902J The last 10 imprints for the task are granted for introduction †see the direction in the prologue to this booklet. These will be scored on the PT3 structure as Question 5. Task Booklet

Island of the Sequined Love Nun Chapter 49~50 Free Essays

49 The Bedside Manner of Cannibals Fold rested through the majority of the day, at that point woke up with a pot of espresso over an international mystery novel. He took a gander at the words and his eyes descended the pages for thirty minutes, however when he put it down he had no clue what he had perused. His psyche was torn by the idea of Beth Curtis appearing at his entryway. We will compose a custom article test on Island of the Sequined Love Nun Chapter 49~50 or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now At whatever point a watchman crunched over the rock compound, Tuck would go to the window to check whether it was her. She wouldn’t come here during the day, would she? He had guaranteed Kimi that he would beware of Sepie and meet him at the drinking circle, however now he was at that point a day late on the guarantee. What might occur if Beth Curtis went to his cabin while he was out? She couldn’t tell the doc, right? What might her reason be for coming here? In any case, Tuck was starting to feel that the doc wasn’t actually the one managing everything. He was only talented work, thus, most likely, was Tucker himself. Fold took a gander at the pages of the story of intrigue, viewed a little Malaysian TV (today they were tossing lances at coconuts on a shaft while the Asian stock market’s tickers looked at the base of the screen in dainty hued groups), and sat tight for dusk. At the point when he could no longer observe the guard’s face over the compound, he made an incredible demonstration of yawning and extending before the window, at that point flipped off the lights, constructed the sham in his bed, and sneaked out through the base of the shower. He took his typical way behind the facility, at that point crept his way up on the far side and looked around the front. Not ten feet away a gatekeeper remained by the entryway. He dodged rapidly around the bend. There was no chance to get into the facility today. He could pause or even attempt to threaten the watchman, since he realized they were hesitant to shoot him. Obviously, he wasn’t sure they realized they were hesitant to shoot him. Consider the possibility that Mato was the one and only one. He slid down the side of the structure and through the coconut forest to the sea shore. The swim had become like strolling to the letter drop, and he was past the minefield in under five minutes. As he adjusted the bend of the sea shore, he saw a light and figures moving around it. The Shark men had carried a lamp oil light to the drinking circle. How acculturated. A portion of the men recognized his quality as he moved into the circle, however the old boss just gazed into the sand between his feet. There was a heap of magazines next to him. â€Å"What’s going on, guys?† A frenzy advanced around the hover to arrive on Abo, who turned upward and stated, â€Å"Your companion is shot by the guards.† Fold paused, yet Abo turned away. Fold hopped before Malink. â€Å"Chief, would he say he is coming clean? Did they shoot Kimi? Is he dead?† â€Å"Not dead,† Malink stated, shaking his head. â€Å"Hurt very bad.† â€Å"Take me to him.† â€Å"He is at Sarapul’s house.† â€Å"Right. I’ll find it in the manual later. Presently take me to him.† Old Malink shook his head. â€Å"He going to die.† â€Å"Where is he shot?† â€Å"In the water by the minefield.† â€Å"No, numbnuts. Where on his body?† Malink held his hand to his side. â€Å"I state, ‘Take him to the Sorcerer,’ yet Sarapul state, ‘The Sorcerer shoot him.'† Malink then looked at Tuck without flinching just because. His huge earthy colored face was an investigation in a difficult situation. â€Å"Vincent send you. What do I do?† Fold could detect a significant humiliation in the elderly person. He had quite recently conceded before the men in his clan that he didn’t understand. The loss of face was distressing him like a ravenous sand crab. Fold stated, â€Å"Vincent is satisfied with your choice, Malink. Presently I should see Kimi.† One of the youthful Vincents held up. Feeling daring, he stated, â€Å"I will take you.† Fold snatched his shoulder. â€Å"You’re a decent man. Lead on.† The youthful Vincent appeared to neglect to relax for a second, as though Tuck had contacted him on the shoulders with a blade and invited him to a seat at the Round Table, at that point he went to his faculties and took off into the wilderness. Fold followed not far behind, almost clotheslining himself a few times on branches that the youthful Vincent ran directly under. The coral rock on the way tore at Tuck’s feet as he ran. At the point when they rose up out of the wilderness, Tuck could see a light coming out of Sarapul’s cottage, which Tuck perceived from his day in the man-eater tree. He went to youthful Vincent, who was frightened. He had charged the mythical serpent, yet had tragically stopped to consider it. â€Å"Kimi’s with the cannibal?† Youthful Vincent gestured quickly while bobbing from foot to foot, appearing as though he would wet himself any second. â€Å"Go on,† Tuck said. â€Å"Go advise Malink to come here. Also, have a beverage. You’re wigging out.† Vincent gestured and ran off. Fold moved toward the entryway gradually, crawling up until he could see the elderly person hunkered over Kimi, attempting to empty something into his mouth from a coconut cup. â€Å"Hey,† Tuck stated, â€Å"how’s he doing?† Sarapul glanced around and signaled for Tuck to go into the house. Fold needed to curve to get past the low entryway, yet once inside the roof opened to a fifteen-foot top. Fold stooped by Kimi. The navigator’s eyes were shut, and even in the orange light of Sarapul’s oil light, he looked pale. He was revealed and a swathe was folded over his center. â€Å"Did you do this?† Tuck asked Sarapul. The old man-eater gestured. â€Å"They shoot him in water. I pull him in.† â€Å"How numerous times?† Sarapu held up a since a long time ago twisted finger. â€Å"Both sides? Did it go through?† Tuck motioned with his fingers on either side of his hip. â€Å"Yes,† Sarapul said. â€Å"Let me see.† The old barbarian gestured and opened up Kimi’s gauze. Fold rolled the pilot tenderly on his side. Kimi moaned, yet didn’t wake. The projectile had hit him around two creeps over the hip and about an inch in. It had passed right however, going in the size of a pencil and leaving the size of a quarter. Fold was astounded that he hadn’t seeped to death. The old barbarian had worked admirably. â€Å"Don’t take him to the Sorcerer,† Sarapul said. â€Å"The Sorcerer will slaughter him. He is the main navigator.† The old man-eater was arguing while at the same time attempting to stay wild. A cry double-crossed him. â€Å"He is my friend.† Fold considered the injury to allow the old savage to assemble himself. He couldn’t recall any imperative organs being around there. In any case, the injuries would need to be stiched closed. Fold wasn’t sure he had the stomach for it, yet Sarapul was correct. He couldn’t take Kimi to Curtis. â€Å"Do you all have anything you use to execute pain?† The man-eater took a gander at him curiously. Fold squeezed him and he howled. â€Å"Pain. Do you have anything to stop pain?† â€Å"Yes. Don’t do that anymore.† â€Å"No, for Kimi.† Sarapul gestured and went out into the dull. He restored a couple of moments later with a glass container half-loaded with smooth fluid. He gave it to Tuck. â€Å"Kava,† he said. â€Å"It make you no ouch.† Fold uncapped the container and a smell like cooking cabbage attacked his noses. He held his breath and took a major slug of the stuff, stifled a stifler, and gulped. His mouth was quickly numb. â€Å"Wow, this should do it. I need a needle and some string and some high temp water. Furthermore, some liquor or peroxide in the event that you have it.† Sarapul gestured. â€Å"I put Neosporin on him.† â€Å"You think about that? For what reason am I doing this?† Sarapul shrugged and left the house. Obviously, he didn’t keep anything inside however his thin old ass. Kimi groaned and Tuck turned him over. The navigator’s eyes shuddered open. â€Å"Boss, that hound fucker shot me.† â€Å"Curtis? The more established white guy?† â€Å"No. Japanese pooch fucker.† Kimi attracted his finger over his scalp a line and Tuck knew precisely who he implied. â€Å"What would you say you were doing, Kimi? I revealed to you that I’d beware of Sepie and meet you.† Tuck felt a lovely deadness moving into his appendages. This kava stuff would work. â€Å"You didn’t come. I stress for her.† â€Å"I needed to fly.† â€Å"Sarapul state those individuals exceptionally terrible. You should come live here, boss.† â€Å"Be calm. Drink this.† He held the container to Kimi’s lips and tipped it up. The pilot took a taste and Tuck let him rest before directing another portion. â€Å"That stuff nasty,† Kimi said. â€Å"I’m going to line you up.† The navigator’s eyes went wide. He took the container from Tuck and swallowed from it until Tuck tore it out of his hands. â€Å"It won’t be that bad.† â€Å"Not for you.† Fold smiled. â€Å"Haven’t you heard? I’ve been sent here by Vincent.† â€Å"That what Sarapul state. He state he don’t trust in Vincent until we come, however now he do.† â€Å"Really?† Sarapul got through the entryway with an armload of provisions. â€Å"I don’t state that. This pooch fucker lies.† Fold shook his head. â€Å"You folks were made for each other.† Sarapul set down a sewing unit and a container of peroxide, at that point hunkered over the pilot and gazed toward Tuck. â€Å"Can you fix him?† Fold smiled and snatched the old savage by the cheek. â€Å"Yum,† Tuck said. â€Å"Sorry,† Sarapul said. â€Å"I’ll fix him,† Tuck said. Quietly he requested assistance from Vincent. â€Å"I canâ€?

Essay Sample Taking a stand

Essay Sample Taking a stand What is worse beating or bullying with the words? A lot of the children suffer a lot from the both things. Most of the people can state that beating is a more serious thing than bullies attacks with words. However, the reason why they think so is because it is quite easy to notice such situations, and do everything possible to help. Even if the beaten person suffers not only outside, but also inside, it is possible to provide him/her with the necessary help. Unfortunately, the situation with the words attacks is also very problematic, because it can be very complicated to understand that there are any issues among children. It is impossible to find bruises and broken bones after bullying with the words. Yet, every person who experienced this, know how it hurts. Verbal bullies can lead to very serious consequents that can ruin the life of the victim. It doesn’t matter what age children are. They can start bullying someone for a reason that seems reasonable for them at that period of time. If it happens only a couple of time, it, probably, won’t have any dramatic consequences. However, if it continues, the life of the victim will be horrible. It is even possible that the aggressors will regret in the future, but it will be very complicated to change anything. The worst thing in such situations that almost never there is someone, who can help. In my high school years, I saw what bullying is with my own eyes. I wasn’t a victim, and I wasn’t an aggressor. Yet, I was a person, who was watching how other teens teased Emily, my classmate, and I did nothing. The reason why she was teased is that she was quite fat and had a funny haircut. At first, the jokes about here were not very offensive, and it was even funny sometimes to hear them. Yet, every next time was worse and worse. I had noticed a few times, how Emily cried after such word attacks. The problem is that any teacher didn’t notice or didn’t want to notice that this problem exists. A few times, I wanted to protect her, but I also was quite afraid that I will become the next victim. After all, I decided to inform the teacher about the situation with Emily. Fortunately, he listens to my words and decided to talk to her and to her parents. When the truth was disclosed, everyone was shocked because Emily suffered from the depression and even had suicidal thoughts. I’m afraid to think of what could happen. Yet, even after all this, not all of the people understood the seriousness of the situation. Not all of the aggressors felt guilty about their behavior. Some of the teens even thought that Emily was the one who was guilty of the bullying. Unfortunately, such situations aren’t something rare in schools and even colleges. It is very good when there is someone to stand for a victim, but very often people are aloof. Verbal bullying is something that ruins the person from the inside, especially if it is just a child or teenager, who doesn’t know how to protect him/herself or whom to ask for help. It is essential for teachers to be more attentive and help such people. Apart from this, children or teens, who see such situations, also should be brave and do something when it is not too late. It is not necessary to protect a victim by yourself, if you are afraid of becoming a victim too, but is crucial to do at least something, like telling the teacher or parents about the problem. It is always possible to find a decision if just to try enough to do this.

The Effect of Prison on Inmates Essay - 1772 Words

The Effect of Prison on Inmates Prison has been around in human society for many millions of years. Having someone who disobeyed the law of that village, town, city or country punished in some form of institution, cutting them off from people, is a common concept – a popular and supposedly â€Å"needed† process society has taken to doing for many years now has been put under the spotlight many times by many different figures and people in society. The question remains – do prisons only make people worse? Many articles have been published in many journals and newspapers of the western world (mainly the USA, UK and Australia) saying prison only makes a person worse yet no complaint of the method has come from the less liberal eastern†¦show more content†¦This man was a child who had had it rough, who had been into juvenile detention as an adolescent, yet when he was enlisted in the army as his punishment at sixteen, he regretted his actions. Yet, when, years later, he robbed and assaulte d this ‘Mr.Pfister’ with two companions, the man [Roger Kiser Sr.] regretted his actions whilst in prison, becoming a more mature and better person when he left jail. This man had gone into prison as a hardened, ‘tough’ man, coming out a repented, better person. This example just goes to show not all who go into prison come out worse from before or in general. There are those few cases where prison is their ‘thinking’ place. Allowing the time spent to reflect on life and how one can become a better player in it, such as Roger Kiser Sr. The crime they committed also would traumatise them, showing how much of a heart and how really human they are. Prison can make many people worse people than they were before, but to some it can make them turn back to the ’path of good’. Some prisoners could use the facilities and opportunities provided in prison to better themselves as people, even becoming the best type of person they ever would have been, which was the case of Jeri Becker (EXT.RESP: ART#2). There are those prisoners that repentShow MoreRelatedOvercrowding Of Prisons And Its Effects On Inmates1389 Words   |  6 PagesOvercrowding in Prisons In the United States, the increasing population within prisons contribute to the stress regarding the security of correctional facilities’ and the negative effects on inmates. Overcrowding can be defined as a space with a concentrated number of objects or people in a space beyond comfort. According to Verne Cox, PhD, â€Å"as a group of prison researchers summarized, in the 1980s [...] crowding in prisons is a major source of administrative problems and adversely affects inmate healthRead MorePrison Overcrowding : A Negative Effect On The Inmates920 Words   |  4 PagesWhen a prison becomes overcrowded its intended mission and goal becomes more difficult for the administration to achieve. It can have adverse effects on the lives of inmates, correctional staff, and even cause those released from prison to fall victim to recidivism after release. The objective of this paper is to critically analyze and research this issue in order to come to some conclusions about this is sue, and the credibility of the resources used. Overcrowding in prisons has a negative effectRead MoreThe Growing Inmate Population And Its Effects On The Prison System1099 Words   |  5 PagesGrowing Inmate Population and Its Effects on the Prison System Frankie Lorino Jr. University of Troy â€Æ' Abstract The purpose of this paper is to look at the prevalence of overcrowding in the United States prison system, what led to its current conditions, and how it effects the its fundamental function. The explanation of growth is suggested by Davey 1998 and Anderson 2000. Jacobson, 2005 outlines some of the affairs leading to the change in prison functions. The dire state of conditions in prison facilitiesRead MorePrison And The Prison System Essay1472 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscouragement for humans is through the prison system. Because of this, these humans or inmates, are sentenced to spend a significant part of their life in a confined, small room. With that being said, the prison life can leave a remarkable toll on the inmates life in many different categories. The first and arguably most important comes in the form of mental health. Living in prison with have a great impact on the psychological part of your life. For example, The prison life is a very much different wayRead MorePrison Ov ercrowding Essay1184 Words   |  5 Pages Prison Overcrowding Nicole Neal American Intercontinental University Abstract This research paper is to explore the impact of prison overcrowding. The United States has a, what seems to be everlasting, prison overcrowding problem. Not only does the United States have this dilemma, but also many other countries have overcrowded prisons as well. Many issues need to be addressed; ways to reduce the prison populations and how to effectively reduce prison cost withoutRead MorePrison Gang Integration And Inmate Violence1400 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The reality of prison gangs cannot be over look. Many inmates join gangs for safety and protection during their incarceration. â€Å"Prison gangs is an organization which operates within prison systems as a self-perpetuating entity, consisting a group of inmates who establishes and organize chain of commands† (Pyrooz Mitchell). They also are governed by an established prison code. Research has shown that prison gangs have effects on non-gang members and the prison system. I will examine tenRead MoreEffects Of Prison Overcrowding907 Words   |  4 PagesAnother effect is that prisoners must spend more time inside due to the lack of officers to watch them in the outside areas. This results in less time outside in the fresh air and sunshine for the prisoners which lead to their dissatisfaction; unhappy prisoners are harder to control and more fighting is the result. There is also the problem of watching the inmates so that they have to remain inside their small cells for more t ime during the day. (Prison overcrowding is a growing concern in the URead MoreWhat Brings Out The Worst Of Good People?911 Words   |  4 Pagespeople? In 2007, Zimbardo wrote a book called â€Å"The Lucifer Effect† which discusses the underlying factors that make good people turn evil (Zimbardo, 2007). The â€Å"Lucifer Effect† refers to God’s angel who had fallen, turned against God only to become Satan. The book itself, is Zimbardo’s detailed account of the Stanford Prison Experiment and its importance to the abuses in the Abu Ghraib prison by American soldiers. Zimbardo uses the prison experiment to illustrate the dangers of the situation of turningRead MoreProblematic California Prison System Essay849 Words   |  4 PagesCalifornia has one of the most dysfunctional and problematic prison system in US. Over the last 30 years, California prison increased eightfolds (201). California Department of Correctional and Rehabilitation (CDCR) does littl e to reform prisoners and serve as human warehouse rather than a correction institution. Californias prison system fails the people it imprisons and society it tries to protect. In many cases, Californias prison system exacerbates the pre-existing problems and aids in theRead MorePrison Structure : A Social Class1090 Words   |  5 Pages This does not happen only in everyday life but in places we hope to never see, such as prisons. Prisons are also heavily structured, inmates, guards, and wardens all make up the prison structure. Inmate structure is classified through how much power one inmate has over other inmates and guards. If an inmate is at the bottom of the chain than their grave has been marked by the high status inmates. Prisons consist of social structures just as general society does. There is the upper class, which

The Epic Of Beowulf As An Epic Hero - 711 Words

â€Å"The whole earth is the tomb of heroic men and their story is not given only on stone over their clay but abides everywhere without visible symbol woven into the stuff of other men’s lives,† said Perculus (PR). You’re born, you live a little, and then you die. There is no simpler way to sum up life. Often times this is done through oral tales, paintings, and various other ways. For those whose lives were truly something great, something memorable, their stories are transcripted into writings. Whether these are simple biographies or symbolic fictional works, stories are often based on someone greater than the writer. These â€Å"epic heros† are protagonists that fulfill their potential of greatness through using their bravery, strength and†¦show more content†¦I think they should be done because you ought to do them.† In this story Arthur believed that people should not help others because they are capable of doing so, but rather becaus e it’s the right thing to do. In the interpretation of the classic King Arthur story, Arthur focused primarily on the lack of humility in the world and how he (along with Merlyn) can fix it. In a more classic take on the King Arthur story, Le Morte d’Arthur offers a better insight on the physical traits that makes one an epic hero. Upon the failure of a treaty between the Arthur and Mordred, an epic battle took place that would decide the fate of the Christian both men stood upon. During this battle Arthur bravely led his men into battle, single handedly defeating dozens of Mordred’s knights. To conclude the battle Arthur fought Mordred one on one, defeating him with a deadly blow to the chest beneath Mordred’s shield. Though Arthur was gravely wounded, he regretted nothing as he knew what he had done would better future generations of people. Evil had been vanquished and Arthur was truly an epic hero. â€Å"A hero is someone who, in spite of weakness, d oubt or not always knowing the answers, goes ahead and overcomes anyway,† said Christopher Reeve (CR). A countless number of people wish to be remembered upon their death, however, very few are remembered much past their death. Those who are though often did an enormous amount of significant things inShow MoreRelatedThe Epic Of Beowulf As An Epic Hero1519 Words   |  7 Pagesaway following a journey, you have most likely read an epic. An epic by definition is â€Å"a long poem, typically one derived from ancient oral tradition, narrating the deeds and adventures of heroic or legendary figures or the history of a nation†. Every epic has a main character that undergoes the same archetypal journey as all other heroes, an epic hero. There are specific qualities one must have to be considered an epic hero. Each epic hero possesses superhuman strength, displays a strong sense ofRead MoreBeowulf : An Epic Hero930 Words   |  4 Pages The story of Beowulf shows its reader many characteristics of why this Anglo-Saxon poem is an epic. First of all, Beowulf is a warrior of epic renown by the time he formally introduces himself in the poem. Next, Beowulf is the warrior that many strive to be in life. In addition, Beowulf finds himself tackling many quests that involve dangerous beasts, or as he might call them, demons. The next quality shown by Beowulf is his bravery and honor. The reader is able to easily identify this characteristicRead MoreBeowulf, The Epic Hero1373 Words   |  6 Pages 2015 Beowulf, The Epic Hero In Anglo Saxon times, Beowulf is considered a well known epic hero. â€Å"Epic heroes are literary characters from ancient mythology and other stories, which were written down in the form of long, narrative epic poems. The hero is the main character, or protagonist of the poem†(Epic Hero: Definition, Characteristics Examples.). The epic hero usually battles for accomplishments to a set of tasks to complete important goals. Beowulf is described as an epic hero becauseRead MoreBeowulf : An Epic Hero894 Words   |  4 Pages The character of Beowulf demonstrates several characteristics that make a great epic hero. Throughout his lifetime he displayed several characteristics such as honor, bravery, physical superiority, leadership, and glory. These characteristics all formed how the Anglo-Saxons believed one should live their life. Along with the valorous deeds that Beowulf accomplished he is considered to be a prime example of an epic hero. Beowulf would have even been con sidered a model human to the Anglo-SaxonsRead MoreBeowulf : An Epic Hero978 Words   |  4 Pages Beowulf is a character that exudes the qualities of an epic hero. Throughout this epic, Beowulf is seen as a hero to many and a major threat to the evils he encounters. The values of the Anglo-Saxons, who would have read and admired this poem, included loyalty, bravery, and honor. Beowulf’s character exemplifies all of these qualities to the highest degree. The values and traditions of the original composers of this story cause Beowulf’s character to be the perfect example of an Anglo-SaxonRead MoreBeowulf: an Epic Hero983 Words   |  4 PagesGauvain British Literature Beowulf Essay 9/22/04 Beowulf: An Epic Hero According to Abrams, the heroic poem is a long verse narrative on a serious subject, told in an elevated style, and centered on a heroic or quasi-divine figure on whose actions depends the fate of a tribe, a nation, or the human race. Beowulf fits Abrams description of an epic, exhibiting all of the characteristics listed throughout the book, thus defining Beowulf as a hero and making the book an epic through its elevatedRead MoreThe Epic Hero Of Beowulf866 Words   |  4 PagesAn epic hero is someone who is of great importance, they have supernatural abilities, have some form of connection with the Gods, and accomplish great deeds. In Beowulf, translated by Seamus Heaney, Beowulf is the epic hero in his tale and he is considered great by those who know of his life. There are two versions of his story which portrays him in a certain way. The video version does not do its best to portray him as an epic hero but instead show that he is a liar, a womanizer, and a coward. TheRead MoreB eowulf : The Epic Hero960 Words   |  4 PagesPotter, and Beowulf all have in common? They all demonstrate the qualities of epic heroes. Beowulf represents several characteristics of an epic hero and demonstrates the values of the Anglo-Saxons. He is the main character of his story, he has a main goal, he travels and fights with a group of people, and he accomplishes many valorous deeds; the values of the Anglo-Saxons are also shown through the actions of Beowulf, such as courage, loyalty, and fame. For example, when Beowulf heard a cryRead MoreEpic Hero In Beowulf885 Words   |  4 Pageslegend can be considered an epic hero. An epic hero is someone who is noble and brave and accomplishes heroic acts that define their legacy while suffering an internal conflict. An embodiment of an ideal epic hero is Beowulf from the epic Beowulf who sets an unmatched example as an epic hero due to the fact that he displays a great deal of bravery, overcomes evil, and stands as a cultural le gend while fighting with internal conflict. Beowulf’s journey as an epic hero involves killing demons and theirRead MoreBeowulf, The Epic Hero1239 Words   |  5 PagesBeowulf, The Epic Hero An epic is a long poem, usually derived from ancient oral stories, describing the adventures and deeds of a legendary hero. Typically, most epics follow a pattern or hold certain characteristics. These characteristics are; a hero, a quest, valorous deeds, divine intervention, and great events. The hero is usually the protagonist that in which is sent on a quest. As the heroes proceed on their quest, they will exhibit valorous deeds or actions that show their character. Epics

Streams of Silver 23. The Broken Helm Free Essays

string(65) " of the small room, then turned back to the fight in the cavern\." Air rolled across its black wings like the continuous rumble of distant thunder as the dragon swept out of the passageway and into Garumn’s Gorge, using the same exit that Drizzt and Entreri had passed just a few moments before. The two, a few dozen yards higher on the wall, held perfectly still, not even daring to breathe. They knew that the dark lord of Mithril Hall had come. We will write a custom essay sample on Streams of Silver 23. The Broken Helm or any similar topic only for you Order Now The black cloud that was Shimmergloom rushed by them, unnoticing, and soared down the length of the chasm. Drizzt, in the lead, scrambled up the side of the gorge, clawing at the stone to find whatever holds he could and trusting to them fully in his desperation. He had heard the sounds of battle far above him when he first entered the chasm, and knew that even if his friends had been victorious thus far, they would soon be met by a foe mightier than anything they had ever faced. Drizzt was determined to stand beside them. Entreri matched the drow’s pace, wanting to keep close to him, though he hadn’t yet formulated his exact plan of action. Wulfgar and Catti-brie supported each other as they walked. Regis kept beside Bruenor, concerned for the dwarf’s wounds, even if the dwarf was not. â€Å"Keep yer worries for yer own hide, Rumblebelly,† he kept snapping at the halfling, though Regis could see that the depth of Bruenor’s gruffness had diminished. The dwarf seemed somewhat embarrassed for the way he had acted earlier. â€Å"Me wounds’ll heal; don’t ye be thinking ye’ve gotten rid of me so easy! There’ll be time for looking to them once we’ve put this place behind us.† Regis had stopped walking, a puzzled expression on his face. Bruenor looked back at him, confused, too, and wondered if he had somehow offended the halfling again. Wulfgar and Catti-brie stopped behind Regis and waited for some indication of the trouble, not knowing what had been said between him and the dwarf. â€Å"What’s yer grief?† Bruenor demanded. Regis was not bothered by anything Bruenor had said, nor with the dwarf at all at that moment. It was Shimmergloom that he had sensed, a sudden coldness that had entered the cavern, a foulness that insulted the companions’ caring bond with its mere presence. Bruenor was about to speak again, when he, too, felt the coming of the dragon of darkness. He looked to the gorge just as the tip of the black cloud broke the chasm’s rim, far down to the left beyond the bridge, but speeding toward them. Catti-brie steered Wulfgar to the side, then he was pulling her with all his speed. Regis scurried back toward the anteroom. Bruenor remembered. The dragon of darkness, the ultimately foul monster that had decimated his kin and sent them fleeing for the smaller corridors of the upper level. His mithril axe raised, his feet frozen to the stone below them, he waited. The blackness dipped under the arch of the stone bridge, then rose to the ledge. Spearlike talons gripped the rim of the gorge, and Shimmergloom reared up before Bruenor in all its horrid splendor, the usurping worm facing the rightful King of Mithril Hall. â€Å"Bruenor!† Regis cried, drawing his little mace and turning back to the cavern, knowing that the best he could do would be to die beside his doomed friend. Wulfgar threw Catti-brie behind him and spun back on the dragon. The worm, eyes locked with the dwarf’s unyielding stare, did not even notice Aegis-fang spinning toward it, nor the fearless charge of the huge barbarian. The mighty warhammer struck home against the raven black scales, but was harmlessly turned away. Infuriated that someone had interrupted the moment of its victory, Shimmergloom snapped its glare at Wulfgar. And it breathed. Absolute blackness enveloped Wulfgar and sapped the strength from his bones. He felt himself falling, forever falling, though there seemed to be no stone to catch him. Catti-brie screamed and rushed to him, oblivious to her own danger as she plunged into the black cloud of Shimmergloom’s breath. Bruenor trembled in outrage, for his long-dead kin and for his friend. â€Å"Get yerself from me home!† he roared at Shimmergloom, then charged head-on and dove into the dragon, his axe flailing wildly, trying to drive the beast over the edge. The mithril weapon’s razored edge had more effect on the scales than the warhammer, but the dragon fought back. A heavy foot knocked Bruenor back to the ground, and before he could rise, the whiplike neck snapped down upon him and he was lifted in the dragon’s maw. Regis fell back again, shaking with fear. â€Å"Bruenor!† he cried again, this time his words coming out as no more than a whisper. The black cloud dissipated around Catti-brie and Wulfgar, but the barbarian had taken the full force of Shimmergloom’s insidious venom. He wanted to flee, even if the only route of escape meant plunging headlong over the side of the gorge. The shadow hounds’ baying, though it was still many minutes behind them, closed in upon him. All of his wounds, the crushing of the golem, the nicks the gray dwarves had put into him, hurt him vividly, making him flinch with every step, though his adrenaline of battle had many times before dismissed far more serious and painful injuries. The dragon seemed ten times mightier to Wulfgar, and he couldn’t even have brought himself to raise a weapon against it, for he believed in his heart that Shinmergloom could not be defeated. Despair had stopped him where fire and steel had not. He stumbled back with Catti-brie toward another room, having no strength to resist her pull. Bruenor felt his breath blasted out, as the terrible maw crunched into him. He stubbornly held onto the axe, and even managed a swing or two. Catti-brie pushed Wulfgar through the doorway and into the shelter of the small room, then turned back to the fight in the cavern. You read "Streams of Silver 23. The Broken Helm" in category "Essay examples" â€Å"Ye bastard son of a demon lizard!† she spat, as she set Taulmaril into motion. Silver-streaking arrows blasted holes into Shimmergloom’s black armor. When Catti-brie understood the measure of the effectiveness of her weapon, she grasped at a desperate plan. Aiming her next shots at the monster’s feet, she sought to drive it from the ledge. Shimmergloom hopped in pain and confusion as the stinging bolts whistled in. The seething hatred of the dragon’s narrowed eyes bore down upon the brave young woman. It spat Bruenor’s broken form across the floor and roared, â€Å"Know fear, foolish girl! Taste of my breath and know you are doomed!† The black lungs expanded, perverting the intaken air into the foul cloud of despair. Then the stone at the edge of the gorge broke away. * * * Little joy came to Regis when the dragon fell. He managed to drag Bruenor back into the anteroom, but had no idea of what to do next. Behind him, the relentless pursuit of the shadow hounds drew closer, he was separated from Wulfgar and Catti-brie, and he didn’t dare cross the cavern without knowing if the dragon was truly gone. He looked down at the battered and blood-covered form of his oldest friend, having not the slightest notion of how he might begin to help him, or even if Bruenor was still alive. Only surprise delayed Regis’s immediate squeals of joy when Bruenor opened his gray eyes and winked. * * * Drizzt and Entreri flattened themselves against the wall as the rockslide from the broken ledge tumbled dangerously close. It was over in a moment and Drizzt started up at once, desperate to get to his friends. He had to stop again, though, and wait nervously as the black form of the dragon dropped past him, then recovered quickly and moved back up toward the rim. â€Å"How?† Regis asked, gawking at the dwarf. Bruenor shifted uncomfortably and struggled to his feet. The mithril mail had held against the dragon’s bite, though Bruenor had been squeezed terribly and bore rows of deep bruises, and probably a host of broken ribs, for the experience. The tough dwarf was still very much alive and alert, though, dismissing his considerable pain for the more important matter before him – the safety of his friends. â€Å"Where’s the boy, and Catti-brie?† he pressed immediately, the background howls of the shadow hounds accentuating the desperation of his tone. â€Å"Another room,† Regis answered, indicating the area to the right beyond the door to the cavern. â€Å"Cat!† Bruenor shouted. â€Å"How do ye fare?† After a stunned pause, for Catti-brie, too, had not expected to hear Bruenor’s voice again, she called back, â€Å"Wulfgar’s gone for the fight, I fear! A dragon’s spell, for all I can make it! But for meself, I’m for leaving! The dogs’ll be here sooner than I like!† â€Å"Aye!† agreed Bruenor, clutching at a twinge of pain in his side when he yelled. â€Å"But have ye seen the worm?† â€Å"No, nor heared the beast!† came the uncertain reply. Bruenor looked to Regis. â€Å"It fell, and has been gone since,† the halfling answered the questioning stare, equally unconvinced that Shimmergloom had been defeated so easily. â€Å"Not a choice to us, then!† Bruenor called out. â€Å"We’re to make the bridge! Can ye bring the boy?† â€Å"It’s his heart for fightin’ that’s been bruised, no more!† replied Catti-brie. â€Å"We’ll be along!† Bruenor clasped Regis’s shoulder, lending support to his nervous friend. â€Å"Let’s be going, then!† he roared in his familiar voice of confidence. Regis smiled in spite of his dread at the sight of the old Bruenor again. Without further coaxing, he walked beside the dwarf out of the room. Even as they took the first step toward the gorge, the black cloud that was Shimmergloom again crested the rim. â€Å"Ye see it?† cried Catti-brie. Bruenor fell back into the room, viewing the dragon all too clearly. Doom closed in all around him, insistent and inescapable. Despair denied his determination, not for himself, for he knew that he had followed the logical course of his fate in coming back to Mithril Hall – a destiny that had been engraved upon the fabric of his very being from the day his kin had been slaughtered – but his friends should not perish this way. Not the halfling, who always before could find an escape from every trap. Not the boy, with so many glorious adventures left before him upon his road. And not his girl, Catti-brie, his own beloved daughter. The only light that had truly shone in the mines of Clan Battlehammer in Icewind Dale. The fall of the drow alone, willing companion and dearest friend, had been too high a price for his selfish daring. The loss that faced him now was simply too much for him to bear. His eyes darted around the small room. There had to be an option. If ever he had been faithful to the gods of the dwarves, he asked them now to grant him this one thing. Give him an option. There was a small curtain against one of the room’s walls. Bruenor looked curiously at Regis. The halfling shrugged. â€Å"A storage area,† he said. â€Å"Nothing of value. Not even a weapon.† Bruenor wouldn’t accept the answer. He dashed through the curtain and started tearing through the crates and sacks that lay within. Dried food. Pieces of wood. An extra cloak. A skin of water. A keg of oil. * * * Shimmergloom swooped back and forth along the length of the gorge, waiting to meet the intruders on its own terms in the open cavern and confident that the shadow hounds would flush them out. Drizzt had nearly reached the level of the dragon, pressing on in the face of peril with no other concerns than those he felt for his friends. â€Å"Hold!† Entreri called to him from a short distance below. â€Å"Are you so determined to get yourself killed?† â€Å"Damn the dragon!† Drizzt hissed back. â€Å"I’ll not cower in the shadows and watch my friends be destroyed.† â€Å"There is value in dying with them?† came the sarcastic reply. â€Å"You are a fool, drow. Your worth outweighs that of all your pitiful friends!† â€Å"Pitiful?† Drizzt echoed incredulously. â€Å"It is you that I pity, assassin.† The drow’s disapproval stung Entreri more than he would have expected. â€Å"Then pity yourself!† he shot back angrily. â€Å"For you are more akin to me than you care to believe!† â€Å"If I do not go to them, your words will hold the truth,† Drizzt continued, more calmly now. â€Å"For then my life will be of no value, less even than your own! Beyond my embrace of the heartless emptiness that rules your world, my entire life would then be no more than a lie.† He started up again, fully expecting to die, but secure in his realization that he was indeed very different from the murderer that followed him. Secure, too, in the knowledge that he had escaped his own heritage. * * * Bruenor came back through the curtain, a wild smirk upon his face, an oil-soaked cloak slung over his shoulder, and the keg tied to his back. Regis looked upon him in complete confusion, though he could guess enough of what the dwarf had in mind to be worried for his friend. â€Å"What are ye lookin’ at?† Bruenor said with a wink. â€Å"You are crazy,† Regis replied, Bruenor’s plan coming into clearer focus the longer he studied the dwarf. â€Å"Aye, we agreed on that afore our road e’er began!† snorted Bruenor. He calmed suddenly, the wild glimmer mellowing to a caring concern for his little friend. â€Å"Ye deserve better’n what I’ve given ye, Rumblebelly,† he said, more comfortable than he had ever been in apology. â€Å"Never have I known a more loyal friend than Bruenor Battlehammer,† Regis replied. Bruenor pulled the gem-studded helmet from his head and tossed it to the halfling, confusing Regis even more. He reached around to his back and loosened a strap fastened between his pack and his belt and took out his old helm. He ran a finger over the broken horn, smiling in remembrance of the wild adventures that had given this helm such a battering. Even the dent where Wulfgar had hit him, those years ago, when first they met as enemies. Bruenor put the helm on, more comfortable with its fit, and Regis saw him in the light of old friend. â€Å"Keep the helm safe,† Bruenor told Regis. â€Å"It’s the crown of the King of Mithril Hall!† â€Å"Then it is yours,† Regis argued, holding the crown back out to Bruenor. â€Å"Nay, not by me right or me choice. Mithril Hall is no more, Rumble – Regis. Bruenor of Icewind Dale, I am, and have been for two hundred years, though me head’s too thick to know it! â€Å"Forgive me old bones,† he said. â€Å"Suren me thoughts’ve been walking in me past and me future.† Regis nodded and said with genuine concern, â€Å"What are you going to do?† â€Å"Mind to yer own part in this!† Bruenor snorted, suddenly the snarling leader once more. â€Å"Ye’ll have enough gettin’ yerself from these cursed halls when I’m through!† He growled threateningly at the halfling to keep him back, then moved swiftly, pulling a torch from the wall and dashing through the door to the cavern before Regis could even make a move to stop him. The dragon’s black form skimmed the rim of the gorge, dipping low beneath the bridge and returning to its patrolling level. Bruenor watched it for a few moments to get a feel for the rhythm of its course. â€Å"Yer mine, worm!† he snarled under his breath, and then he charged. â€Å"Here’s one from yer tricks, boy!† he cried at the room holding Wulfgar and Catti-brie. â€Å"But when me mind’s to jumping on the back of a worm, I ain’t about to miss!† â€Å"Bruenor!† Catti-brie screamed when she saw him running out toward the gorge. It was too late. Bruenor put the torch to the oil-soaked cloak and raised his mithril axe high before him. The dragon heard him coming and swerved in closer to the rim to investigate – and was as amazed as the dwarf’s friends when Bruenor, his shoulder and back aflame, leaped from the edge and streaked down upon it. Impossibly strong, as though all of the ghosts of Clan Battlehammer had joined their hands with Bruenor’s upon the weapon handle and lent him their strength, the dwarf’s initial blow drove the mithril axe deep into Shimmergloom’s back. Bruenor crashed down behind, but held fast to the embedded weapon, even though the keg of oil broke apart with the impact and spewed flames all across the monster’s back. Shimmergloom shrieked in outrage and swerved wildly, even crashing into the stone wall of the gorge. Bruenor would not be thrown. Savagely, he grasped the handle, waiting for the opportunity to tear the weapon free and drive it home again. Catti-brie and Regis rushed to the edge of the gorge, helplessly calling out to their doomed friend. Wulfgar, too, managed to drag himself over, still fighting the black depths of despair. When the barbarian looked upon Bruenor, sprawled amid the flames, he roared away the dragon’s spell and, without the slightest hesitation, launched Aegis-fang. The hammer caught Shimmergloom on the side of its head and the dragon swerved again in its surprise, clipping the other wall of the gorge. â€Å"Are ye mad?† Catti-brie yelled at Wulfgar. â€Å"Take up your bow,† Wulfgar told her. â€Å"If a true friend of Bruenor’s you be, then let him not fall in vain!† Aegis-fang returned to his grasp and he launched it again, scoring a second hit. Catti-brie had to accept the reality. She could not save Bruenor from the fate he had chosen. Wulfgar was right – she could aid the dwarf in gaining his desired end. Blinking away the tears that came to her, she took Taulmaril in hand and sent the silver bolts at the dragon. Both Drizzt and Entreri watched Bruenor’s leap in utter amazement. Cursing his helpless position, Drizzt surged ahead, nearly to the rim. He shouted out for his remaining friends, but in the commotion, and with the roaring of the dragon, they could not hear. Entreri was directly below him. The assassin knew that his last chance was upon him, though he risked losing the only challenge he had ever found in this life. As Drizzt scrambled for his next hold, Entreri grabbed his ankle and pulled him down. * * * Oil found its way in through the seams in Shimmergloom’s scales, carrying the fire to the dragon flesh. The dragon cried out from a pain it never believed it could know. The thud of the warhammer! The constant sting of those streaking lines of silver! And the dwarf! Relentless in his attacks, somehow oblivious to the fires. Shimmergloom tore along the length of the gorge, dipping suddenly, then swooping back up and rolling over and about. Catti-brie’s arrows found it at every turn. And Wulfgar, wiser with each of his strikes, sought the best opportunities to throw the warhammer, waiting for the dragon to cut by a rocky outcropping in the wall, then driving the monster into the stone with the force of his throw. Flames, stone, and dust flew wildly with each thunderous impact. Bruenor held on. Singing out to his father and his kin beyond that, the dwarf absolved himself of his guilt, content that he had satisfied the ghosts of his past and given his friends a chance for survival. He didn’t feel the bite of the fire, nor the bump of stone. All he felt was the quivering of the dragon flesh below his blade, and the reverberations of Shimmergloom’s agonized cries. * * * Drizzt tumbled down the face of the gorge, desperately scrambling for some hold. He slammed onto a ledge twenty feet below the assassin and managed to stop his descent. Entreri nodded his approval and his aim, for the drow had landed just where he had hoped. â€Å"Farewell, trusting fool!† he called down to Drizzt and he started up the wall. Drizzt never had trusted in the assassin’s honor, but he had believed in Entreri’s pragmatism. This attack made no practical sense. â€Å"Why?† he called back to Entreri. â€Å"You could have had the pendant without recourse! â€Å"The gem is mine,† Entreri replied. â€Å"But not without a price!† Drizzt declared. â€Å"You know that I will come after you, assassin!† Entreri looked down at him with an amused grin. â€Å"Do you not understand, Drizzt Do’Urden? That is exactly the purpose!† The assassin quickly reached the rim, and peered above it. To his left, Wulfgar and Catti-brie continued their assault on the dragon. To his right, Regis stood enamored of the scene, completely unaware. The halfling’s surprise was complete, his face blanching in terror, when his worst nightmare rose up before him. Regis dropped the gem-studded helm and went limp with fear as Entreri silently picked him up and started for the bridge. * * * Exhausted, the dragon tried to find another method of defense. Its rage and pain had carried it too far into the battle, though. It had taken too many hits, and still the silver streaks bit into it again and again. Still the tireless dwarf twisted and pounded the axe into its back. One last time the dragon cut back in mid-flight, trying to snake its neck around so that it could at least take vengeance upon the cruel dwarf. It hung motionless for just a split second, and Aegis-fang took it in the eye. The dragon rolled over in blinded rage, lost in a dizzying swirl of pain, headlong into a jutting portion of the wall. The explosion rocked the very foundations of the cavern, nearly knocking Catti-brie from her feet and Drizzt from his precarious perch. One final image came to Bruenor, a sight that made his heart leap one more time in victory: the piercing gaze of Drizzt Do’Urden’s lavender eyes bidding him farewell from the darkness of the wall. Broken and beaten, the flames consuming it, the dragon of darkness glided and spun, descending into the deepest blackness it would ever know, a blackness from which there could be no return. The depths of Garumn’s Gorge. And bearing with it the rightful King of Mithril Hall. How to cite Streams of Silver 23. The Broken Helm, Essay examples

Merck Open for Innovation free essay sample

Founded in 1891 as an American subsidiary of his German namesake, Merck was once considered the â€Å"undisputed king of the pharmaceutical industry with ground? breaking drugs†(The Chief Executive 2003). But for the last decade, Merck has gone through a period of stagnation; it began to lose exclusivity patents on blockbuster drugs and has witnessed Pfizer’s rise to top place in the industry. It seemed now that internal RD that was once the company’s main asset would not be enough to compete in an industry defined by innovation. Thus the recent 2009 merger with rival Schering and Plough could be the beginning of a new take by Merck. Could Merck prosper with an open innovation strategy? Structure of the pharmaceutical industry An analysis of the industry is essential to gain a better insight on how Merck is operating and how well it is performing The structure, conduct, performance model was developed by economists in the 30s. We will write a custom essay sample on Merck: Open for Innovation ? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Its aim is to explain the different performances by companies within the same industry. It claims the industry structure affects the firm conduct, which in turn affects the performance of the company. There are four main type of industry structure with different characteristics. In liaison with the SCP model Michael Porter developed the Five Forces model in which five forces need to be considered while analysing the industry. The first one is the Threat of entry determined by entry barriers, which are obstacles that determine how easy one can enter a market. A high entry barrier signifies a high profitability. The high barriers are usually due to high costs of gaining and maintaining a place in the industry (infrastructure, government and international trade regulations). For the pharmaceutical industry the threat of entry is quite low due to the high costs of RD ($130 billion in the world last year1, $7. 7 billion for Merck last year2), the long duration it takes from drug discovery to production (approximately 15 years) and the government regulations (difficult to get an FDA approval). The second force, Power of Suppliers, is how much pressure the supplier can exert on the industry. This power is gained by the demand of the supplied product, the unavailability of close substitutes and its uniqueness. In pharmaceutics the suppliers are chemical companies providing raw material. Due to the abundance of these companies and the fact that they provide more or less similar products the power of suppliers is very low. The Power of Buyers is how much pressure buyers can put on the suppliers to reduce prices or increase quality. In this case the power of buyers is high because hospitals and healthcare professionals are the intermediate between patients and the drugs prioritise efficiency and lower costs to brand name. The Internet has also increased the medical knowledge of patients (Mullins, 2007, p89). The Threat of Substitutes is the threat that products from other industries will meet the needs of customers. With patents expiring more quickly the generic drug market (e. g. Boots) and natural remedies are threatening the market (Mullins 2007, p90). The Rivalry among the competitors is the intensity at which firms fight for market share and profits. The higher this is the less profits can be made. There is high competition in the pharmaceutical industry but companies are also keen on maintaining profits with thousands of recent mergers. The industry is composed of few large firms and most of them are the result of mergers to gain market share and specialize in one area of the industry. It seems to present all the characteristics of an oligopoly: long and costly research period, local and international regulations, a handful of large corporations and a considerable pricing power. The pharmaceutical industry is still very profitable and attractive with stable growth and more than ten companies in Fortune, 500 with combined profits around $28 million (Mullins, 2007, p 91). The main nuisance is high and costly entry barriers and high buying power. SWOT Analysis Merck has much strength. For one, Merck’s name carries much weight in the pharmaceutical industry, it is a company that has been around for a long time and has established a name for itself. Also, it has a large RD department that has been instrumental in shaping the current drug industry. For example, their drug ‘Insentress’, has been, and still is, one of the leading HIV treatment drugs. In addition, Merck operates on a very large scale; it is multinational corporation with much power in the industry and sells its products all over the world. Merck’s name has garnered much support from their customers, who have over the years become loyal to the company and their products. However, Merck also faces several challenges. Most notable was the VIOXX scandal: the drug was linked with increasing the risk of heart attacks and strokes. This resulted in their paying a 4.  58 billion dollars in damages to the families of the victims who suffered from such side effects from the use of VIOXX. From a financial perspective, Merck also experienced liquidity problems, in part caused by their high RD expenses. Furthermore, they have also had to face charges by the government for the violations of several rules. Merck possesses many opportunities as well especially after the merger with Schering? Plough which exposes Merck to larger scale of opportunity for research and develo pment (notably the biotechnology) and has higher means to finance it. Merck can also expand its grasp by operating in additional growing countries and make a name for itself via donations to healthcare and charities. Despite its powerful presence in the industry, Merck still faces several real threats. Despite the merger, Merck still faces competition for profits and market share notably from its rival Pfizer. Furthermore the recent loss of patents and the rise of the generic market have caused Merck to lose significant credibility. The Schering ­Plough merger: pros and cons â€Å"A drug deal that is mainly about drugs†(NY Times 2009) It was in fall 2009 that Merck merged with fellow pharmaceutical company Schering? Plough in a deal involving $41 billion. Although Merck had acquired SP, it was officially put on paper as a reverse merger to avoid giving up rights to a popular drug Remicade to Johnson Johnson. (NY Times 2009) This merger can have many advantages. Firstly the merger would allow the companies to combine their sales and market share to reach $37 billion and 5.  5% (IMS Health, 2008) respectively to place second after Pfizer. By partnering with a potential rival Merck also eliminates a competitor. â€Å"The deal should afford the opportunity to cut costs. Mr Clark said that 15% of the combined firms 106,000 employees would lose their jobs†(The Economist, 2009). The latter is one of the many examples of economies of scale the company would benefit from by operating on a larger scale and spreading the fixed costs. These costs sa vings are believed to around an annual $3.  5 billion and would allow the company to fund RD and previously risky investments (PharmaNews, 2009) Merck can also benefit from SP’s investments in biotechnology ($14. 4 billion for Organon), drugs based on living cells which are very hard to copy for the generic market (NY Times, 2009). SP also retains drugs with longer patents to replace the likes of Fosamax and Singulair that have fallen to the generic market. But with benefits also come costs. For instance, less competition and higher market share can lead to less pressure and thus lower  quality products. Furthermore, the merger may lead to managerial difficulties and hinder the integration process. Decisions are harder to make due to the â€Å"larger scale† aspect. Another handicap is the long and costly settlement case with JJ, which has involved a $500 million payment plus half the profits of Remicade sales. (Johnson Johnson, 2011) Despite minor inconveniences th e merger presents Merck with high opportunities for investment, RD, development of longer lasting drug patents and innovation. Merck’s Innovative Strategy: A change for future success The strategic move allowed the Merck to sell their products in over 140 countries as well as a sales jump from 10. 5 to 25 billion. By making their products accessible internationally they broaden their target clientele. However, their closed innovation approach made it difficult to keep up with many of their competitors. Traditional pharmaceutical companies tend to strongly believe that closed innovation is the way to achieve long? term success. Closed innovation involves all processes made internally (Spasic, 2011). This approach however, has become obsolete in today’s business practice. Open innovation is the way to go for Merck. Working with the closed innovation model will ultimately cause Merck to lose its cutting edge. Not changing in an ever? changing world is unhealthy for company. As Charles Darwin once said, â€Å"It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent; it is the one most adaptable to change†. Merck must let go of its past and develop its future by working on its present. Open Innovation at Merck: cost ­effective and creative or dangerous? Open innovation is the opening up of a company’s business model by accepting and integrating ideas stemming from an outside source as well as sharing their ideas and unused technologies to allow other firms to use them and unlock their potential (Berkeley). This may sound counter? productive and almost self? destructive. It is not. The other firms, in turn, share their information which Merck can use, thereby unlocking their own potential. It becomes a battle for identifying which information and technologies will have a future yield. This can be dangerous as well as advantageous for Merck, in essence, it can be compared to a double? edged sword. By forming strategic alliances and bringing in new human capital as well as continuing to innovate internally as well, Merck can set itself upon a path that will allow it to maximize their potential. Open innovation also allows the firms to get rid of any internal inventions it does not intend to pursue and therefore they do not need to patent it, which can be a costly process since the inventions may not even bear fruit. These inefficiencies and those additional costs are avoided. InnoCentive (a smaller competitor) has developed a global network of independent researchers, allowing a great sharing of information and knowledge with a higher success rate than the internal research and development approach at 1/6 of the cost. A higher success rate means more drugs discovered and more inventions, which means more products to be sold, leading to higher returns and as a result more value to its shareholders. However, it should also be noted that there is a high risk with attempting to integrate open